Research is a systematic inquiry using the scientific method to derive answers to specific questions and solve problems, with the aim of building a body of knowledge for academic development and practical application. Nursing research is a systematic inquiry conducted through scientific methods to answer questions and resolve issues related to nursing phenomena, including nursing activities, education, and management, or to explain and verify nursing phenomena. Nurse researchers follow a structured research process, incorporating clear objectives, research frameworks, and methods. This approach allows for the clarification of relationships between variables and the development and validation of new theories.

Various types of research exist, broadly categorized into quantitative research and qualitative research. Quantitative research includes experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental approaches, or it may be further classified as quantitative descriptive or hypothetical verification research, depending on the degree of control exercised in the experimental design. Qualitative research encompasses phenomenological, grounded theory, ethnographic, historical, and philosophical inquiry methods. Over time, research can be categorized as cross-sectional or longitudinal (cohort), while based on purpose and content, it may be basic, applied, or action research. Research can also be classified as deductive or inductive based on its approach to concepts and theories.

• Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (2007). Introduction to Burns & Grove nursing research: Implementation, evaluation, and utilization (Kuroda, Y., Nakagi, T., Oda, M., et al., Trans.). Elsevier Japan.
• Minami, Y. (Ed.). (2008). Research in nursing. Japanese Nursing Association Press.
• Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2010). Nursing research: Principles and methods (2nd ed.; Kondo, J., Trans.). Igaku-Shoin.