Interpersonal relationships denote psychological connections among individuals and groups across various settings, encompassing familial, educational, occupational, and communal environments. These relationships play a pivotal role in shaping individuals’ personalities, fostering personal development, and nurturing social aptitude through interactions with family, peers, and acquaintances.

Hildegard E. Peplau, a seminal nursing theorist, pioneered the exploration of human relationships within the context of healthcare. She formulated a nursing model centered on the patient-nurse relationship, delineating the dynamics of interpersonal processes. Additionally, Virginia Henderson conceptualized nurses as professionals facilitating patients’ fulfillment of basic needs. She underscored the importance of patient-nurse and nurse-physician relationships within the healthcare framework. Furthermore, Joyce Travelbee emphasized the significance of human-to-human connections in achieving nursing objectives. She elucidated the sequential stages of this relationship, spanning from the initial encounter to the establishment of rapport, characterized by empathy and sympathy.

• Okado, T. (Ed.). (2000). Psychology for nurses 4: Introduction to human relations theory. Kaneko Shobo.
• Okado, T., & Suzuki, S. (Eds.). (1987). Series: Psychology and nursing care of patients and families (5): Psychology and nursing of critical patients. Chuohoki Publishing. 3. Saito, I. (Ed.). (2007). Psychology of human relations (2nd ed.). Seishin Shobo.