A patient is an individual who seeks medical assistance by visiting a healthcare facility, such as a hospital or clinic, due to a health problem, illness, or injury. Additionally, the term can also encompass those who receive visits from healthcare professionals, including doctors, dentists, or nurses, for the purpose of diagnosis, treatment, or nursing care. Patients may refer to both individuals and groups with specific health conditions, such as those with diabetes or cancer patients. The term ‘patient’ typically applies to adults, while children are often referred to as pediatric patients during their healthcare settings.
The term “kan” in Japanese denotes illness or injury. Interestingly, the English word “patient” is derived from “patience,” implying someone who endures suffering. While the Japanese word for “patient” signifies the state of being sick or injured, its English counterpart emphasizes the subjective experience of enduring suffering. Traditionally, the term “patient” was associated with a more authoritative, depersonalized approach to those seeking medical or nursing care. However, contemporary healthcare practices emphasize a collaborative relationship between medical professionals and patients, where information is shared, and efforts are made collectively to overcome diseases.
Furthermore, the evolving landscape of healthcare recognizes that the recipients of medical and nursing care extend beyond those with illnesses or traumas. Therefore, health, medical, and welfare professionals are encouraged to use a variety of terms to address diverse groups, including clients, people, users, individuals with disabilities, children, infants, hospitalized children, and those requiring care. This shift reflects a broader and more inclusive approach to healthcare terminology.
References- American Nurses Association (ANA). (2006). Standards of nursing practice: Standards of professional conduct (Kamiizumi, K., Trans.). International Nursing Review, 29(3), 28–38.
- Japan Nursing Association. (2007). Explanation of major terms related to nursing: Conceptual definitions, historical changes, social context.
Retrieved from http://www.nurse.or.jp/home/publication/pdf/2007/yougokaisetu.pdf - Ujiie, S. (Ed.). (2007). Maternal and child nursing: Pediatric nursing (2nd ed.). Hirokawa Shoten.